Alkaline Electrolysers – The Backbone of Green Hydrogen Production

Introduction

The push for clean energy is more urgent than ever, and hydrogen has emerged as a key solution. However, producing hydrogen sustainably is a challenge. This is where the alkaline electrolyser comes into play.

A alkaline electrolyser is one of the oldest and most widely used technologies for hydrogen production. Unlike fossil-fuel-based methods, it generates hydrogen by splitting water molecules using electricity. When powered by renewable sources like wind or solar, it produces "green hydrogen," a zero-emission fuel with endless possibilities.

In this blog, we’ll explore how an alkaline electrolyser works, why it’s a preferred technology, and its role in the future of clean energy.

How Does an Alkaline Electrolyser Work?

The alkaline electrolyser operates on a simple principle—using electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. Here’s how the process unfolds:

1. Electrolysis Cell: The electrolyser consists of two electrodes (anode and cathode) submerged in an alkaline solution (usually potassium hydroxide).
2. Water Splitting: When an electric current passes through the solution, water molecules (H₂O) break apart.
3. Hydrogen and Oxygen Separation: Hydrogen gas collects at the cathode, while oxygen forms at the anode.
4. Gas Collection: The separated gases are stored for various applications.

The key advantage of this process is its efficiency and reliability, making it a cornerstone of industrial hydrogen production.

Why Alkaline Electrolysis?

Despite newer technologies like PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) electrolysers gaining attention, the alkaline electrolyser remains a dominant choice. Here’s why:

1. Proven and Reliable Technology

Alkaline electrolysis has been used for over a century, making it one of the most tested and trusted methods of hydrogen production.

2. Cost-Effective

Compared to PEM electrolysers, alkaline electrolysers use cheaper materials and do not require expensive platinum-group metals.

3. Scalability

Large-scale hydrogen production facilities prefer alkaline electrolysers due to their ability to handle high volumes at a lower cost.

4. Compatibility with Renewable Energy

When paired with wind or solar power, alkaline electrolysers can produce green hydrogen, helping industries transition to clean energy.

Applications of Alkaline Electrolysers

1.     Hydrogen Fuel for Vehicles
Fuel cell cars, buses, and trucks use hydrogen to generate power, reducing carbon emissions.

2.     Industrial Hydrogen Production
Steel, ammonia, and chemical industries require hydrogen, and alkaline electrolysis provides a sustainable supply.

3.     Grid Energy Storage
Excess renewable energy can be stored as hydrogen, balancing electricity grids.

4.     Powering Remote Areas
Hydrogen generated by alkaline electrolysers can be transported to areas without direct access to renewable energy.

Challenges and the Future of Alkaline Electrolysis

Despite its benefits, the alkaline electrolyser faces challenges:

• Lower Efficiency Compared to PEM Electrolysers – Requires higher voltage to operate.
• Startup Time – Takes longer to respond to changes in electricity input.
• Large Footprint – Requires more space than PEM electrolysers.

However, advancements in materials and engineering are improving efficiency and reducing costs. As governments and industries invest in hydrogen, the alkaline electrolyser will continue to play a crucial role in the green energy transition.

Conclusion

The world is moving towards a cleaner, hydrogen-powered future, and alkaline electrolysers are leading the way. Their affordability, reliability, and ability to scale make them an essential technology for producing green hydrogen. As innovation continues, the alkaline electrolyser will become even more efficient, ensuring a sustainable energy future.