Because the spindle speed and range of cnc machine factory are much higher than ordinary machine tools, and the spindle output power is larger, compared with traditional processing methods, higher requirements are put forward for CNC machining tools, including high precision, high strength, good rigidity, high durability, and stable size, easy installation and adjustment. This requires the tool structure is reasonable, geometric parameters standardization, serialization. CNC tool is one of the prerequisites for improving processing efficiency, and its selection depends on the geometry of the machined parts, the state of the material, the rigidity of the tool selected by the fixture and the machine tool.

cnc machine factory tool selection should consider the following aspects:

First, choose the tool according to the cutting performance of the parts material

Such as turning or milling high-strength steel, titanium alloy, stainless steel parts, it is recommended to choose indexable carbide tools with better wear resistance.

2. Select the tool according to the processing stage of the part

That is, the roughing stage is based on the removal of surplus, and the tool with better rigidity and lower precision should be selected. The semi-finishing and finishing stage is based on ensuring the processing accuracy and product quality of the parts, and the tool with high durability and high precision should be selected. The precision of the tool used in the roughing stage is low, and the precision of the tool used in the finishing stage is high. If the same tool is selected for rough and finish machining, it is recommended that the tool eliminated by finishing be selected for rough machining, because the wear of the tool eliminated by finishing is mostly slight edge wear, coating wear and finish, and continued use will affect the processing quality of finishing, but the impact on rough machining is small.

Select tools and geometric parameters according to the characteristics of the machining area

If the structure of the part allows, the tool with large diameter and small length-diameter ratio should be selected; Cutting thin-wall, ultra-thin-wall parts through the center of the end edge of the milling cutter should have enough centripetal Angle to reduce the cutting force of the tool and the cutting part. When processing soft materials such as aluminum and copper, an end mill with a slightly larger front Angle should be selected, and the number of teeth should not exceed 4 teeth.

When selecting the tool, the size of the tool should be adapted to the surface size of the workpiece to be machined. In production, end milling cutter is often used to process the peripheral outline of plane parts. When milling the plane, carbide blade milling cutter should be selected; High speed steel end mill is selected when processing convex and groove. Corn milling cutter with cemented carbide blade can be selected when machining blank surface or rough machining hole; Ball end milling cutter, ring milling cutter, conical milling cutter and disc milling cutter are often used for the machining of some vertical surface and variable bevel contour.

In the processing of free-form surface, because the cutting speed of the end of the ball head tool is zero, so in order to ensure the processing accuracy, the cutting line spacing is generally small, so the ball head milling cutter is suitable for the finishing of the surface. The end milling cutter is far superior to the ball end milling cutter both in surface processing quality and processing efficiency, therefore, under the premise of ensuring that the parts are processed but cut, rough machining and semi-finishing surfaces, try to choose the end milling cutter. In addition, the durability and accuracy of the tool and the price of the tool is relatively large, it must be noted that in most cases, the choice of a good tool although the cost of the tool increases, but the resulting improvement in processing quality and processing efficiency can make the entire processing cost greatly reduced.

In the machining center, all the tools are pre-installed in the tool library, and the corresponding tool change action is carried out through the tool selection and tool change instructions of the CNC program. It is necessary to choose the appropriate standard tool holder for the tool system specification of the machine tool, so that the CNC machining tool can be quickly and accurately installed on the machine spindle or returned to the tool library. The programmer should be able to understand the structural size of the tool handle used in the machine tool, the adjustment method and the adjustment range, so as to ensure that the radial and axial size of the tool is determined during programming and the arrangement of the tool is reasonable.

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